1.Integer 和int 的区别
①、Integer 是 int 包装类，int 是八大基本数据类型之一（byte,char,short,int,long,float,double,boolean）
②、Integer 是类，默认值为null，int是基本数据类型，默认值为0；
③、Integer 表示的是对象，用一个引用指向这个对象，而int是基本数据类型，直接存储数值。
2.源码解析
package java.lang;import java.util.Properties;public final class Integer extends Number implements Comparable{ /** * A constant holding the minimum value an {@code int} can * have, -2 31. */ public static final int MIN_VALUE = 0x80000000; // -2的31次方（ -2147483648） /** * A constant holding the maximum value an {@code int} can * have, 2 31-1. */ public static final int MAX_VALUE = 0x7fffffff; //2的31次方减1（2147483647） /** * The {@code Class} instance representing the primitive type * {@code int}. * * @since JDK1.1 */ public static final Class TYPE = (Class ) Class.getPrimitiveClass("int"); /** * All possible chars for representing a number as a String */ final static char[] digits = { '0' , '1' , '2' , '3' , '4' , '5' , '6' , '7' , '8' , '9' , 'a' , 'b' , 'c' , 'd' , 'e' , 'f' , 'g' , 'h' , 'i' , 'j' , 'k' , 'l' , 'm' , 'n' , 'o' , 'p' , 'q' , 'r' , 's' , 't' , 'u' , 'v' , 'w' , 'x' , 'y' , 'z' }; public static String toString(int i, int radix) { if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX || radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) radix = 10; /* Use the faster version */ if (radix == 10) { return toString(i); } char buf[] = new char[33]; boolean negative = (i < 0); int charPos = 32; if (!negative) { i = -i; } while (i <= -radix) { buf[charPos--] = digits[-(i % radix)]; i = i / radix; } buf[charPos] = digits[-i]; if (negative) { buf[--charPos] = '-'; } return new String(buf, charPos, (33 - charPos)); } public static String toHexString(int i) { return toUnsignedString(i, 4); } public static String toOctalString(int i) { return toUnsignedString(i, 3); } public static String toBinaryString(int i) { return toUnsignedString(i, 1); } /** * Convert the integer to an unsigned number. */ private static String toUnsignedString(int i, int shift) { char[] buf = new char[32]; int charPos = 32; int radix = 1 << shift; int mask = radix - 1; do { buf[--charPos] = digits[i & mask]; i >>>= shift; } while (i != 0); return new String(buf, charPos, (32 - charPos)); } final static char [] DigitTens = { '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '6', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '7', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '8', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', '9', } ; final static char [] DigitOnes = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', } ; public static String toString(int i) { if (i == Integer.MIN_VALUE) return "-2147483648"; int size = (i < 0) ? stringSize(-i) + 1 : stringSize(i); char[] buf = new char[size]; getChars(i, size, buf); return new String(buf, true); } static void getChars(int i, int index, char[] buf) { int q, r; int charPos = index; char sign = 0; if (i < 0) { sign = '-'; i = -i; } // Generate two digits per iteration while (i >= 65536) { q = i / 100; // really: r = i - (q * 100); r = i - ((q << 6) + (q << 5) + (q << 2)); i = q; buf [--charPos] = DigitOnes[r]; buf [--charPos] = DigitTens[r]; } // Fall thru to fast mode for smaller numbers // assert(i <= 65536, i); for (;;) { q = (i * 52429) >>> (16+3); r = i - ((q << 3) + (q << 1)); // r = i-(q*10) ... buf [--charPos] = digits [r]; i = q; if (i == 0) break; } if (sign != 0) { buf [--charPos] = sign; } } final static int [] sizeTable = { 9, 99, 999, 9999, 99999, 999999, 9999999, 99999999, 999999999, Integer.MAX_VALUE }; // Requires positive x static int stringSize(int x) { for (int i=0; ; i++) if (x <= sizeTable[i]) return i+1; } public static int parseInt(String s, int radix) throws NumberFormatException { //如果转换的字符串如果为null，直接抛出空指针异常 if (s == null) { throw new NumberFormatException("null"); } //如果转换的radix(默认是10)<2 则抛出数字格式异常，因为进制最小是 2 进制 if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) { throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix + " less than Character.MIN_RADIX"); } //如果转换的radix(默认是10)>36 则抛出数字格式异常，因为0到9一共10位，a到z一共26位，所以一共36位 //也就是最高只能有36进制数 if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) { throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix + " greater than Character.MAX_RADIX"); } int result = 0; boolean negative = false; int i = 0, len = s.length(); //len是待转换字符串的长度 int limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE; int multmin; int digit; if (len > 0) { char firstChar = s.charAt(0); //获取待转换字符串的第一个字符 //这里主要用来判断第一个字符是"+"或者"-"，因为这两个字符的 ASCII码都小于字符'0' if (firstChar < '0') { if (firstChar == '-') { negative = true; limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE; } else if (firstChar != '+') throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); if (len == 1) //待转换字符长度是1，不能是单独的"+"或者"-"，否则抛出异常 throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); i++; } multmin = limit / radix; //通过不断循环，将字符串除掉第一个字符之后，根据进制不断相乘在相加得到一个正整数 while (i < len) { // Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix); if (digit < 0) { throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); } if (result < multmin) { throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); } result *= radix; if (result < limit + digit) { throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); } result -= digit; } } else { throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); } return negative ? result : -result; } public static int parseInt(String s) throws NumberFormatException { return parseInt(s,10); } public static Integer valueOf(String s) throws NumberFormatException { return Integer.valueOf(parseInt(s, 10)); } private static class IntegerCache { static final int low = -128; static final int high; static final Integer cache[]; static { // high value may be configured by property int h = 127; String integerCacheHighPropValue = sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high"); if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) { int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue); i = Math.max(i, 127); // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low)); } high = h; cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1]; int j = low; for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++) cache[k] = new Integer(j++); } private IntegerCache() {} } public static Integer valueOf(int i) { assert IntegerCache.high >= 127; if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high) return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)]; return new Integer(i); } /** * The value of the {@code Integer}. * * @serial */ private final int value; /** * Constructs a newly allocated {@code Integer} object that * represents the specified {@code int} value. * * @param value the value to be represented by the * {@code Integer} object. */ public Integer(int value) { this.value = value; } public Integer(String s) throws NumberFormatException { this.value = parseInt(s, 10); //其中s表示我们需要转换的字符串，10表示以十进制输出，默认也是10进制 } /** * Returns the value of this {@code Integer} as a * {@code byte}. */ public byte byteValue() { return (byte)value; } /** * Returns the value of this {@code Integer} as a * {@code short}. */ public short shortValue() { return (short)value; } /** * Returns the value of this {@code Integer} as an * {@code int}. */ public int intValue() { return value; } /** * Returns the value of this {@code Integer} as a * {@code long}. */ public long longValue() { return (long)value; } /** * Returns the value of this {@code Integer} as a * {@code float}. */ public float floatValue() { return (float)value; } /** * Returns the value of this {@code Integer} as a * {@code double}. */ public double doubleValue() { return (double)value; } public String toString() { return toString(value); } public int hashCode() { return value; } public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (obj instanceof Integer) { return value == ((Integer)obj).intValue(); } return false; } public static Integer getInteger(String nm) { return getInteger(nm, null); } public static Integer decode(String nm) throws NumberFormatException { int radix = 10; int index = 0; boolean negative = false; Integer result; if (nm.length() == 0) throw new NumberFormatException("Zero length string"); char firstChar = nm.charAt(0); // Handle sign, if present if (firstChar == '-') { negative = true; index++; } else if (firstChar == '+') index++; // Handle radix specifier, if present if (nm.startsWith("0x", index) || nm.startsWith("0X", index)) { index += 2; radix = 16; } else if (nm.startsWith("#", index)) { index ++; radix = 16; } else if (nm.startsWith("0", index) && nm.length() > 1 + index) { index ++; radix = 8; } if (nm.startsWith("-", index) || nm.startsWith("+", index)) throw new NumberFormatException("Sign character in wrong position"); try { result = Integer.valueOf(nm.substring(index), radix); result = negative ? Integer.valueOf(-result.intValue()) : result; } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // If number is Integer.MIN_VALUE, we'll end up here. The next line // handles this case, and causes any genuine format error to be // rethrown. String constant = negative ? ("-" + nm.substring(index)) : nm.substring(index); result = Integer.valueOf(constant, radix); } return result; } public int compareTo(Integer anotherInteger) { return compare(this.value, anotherInteger.value); } public static int compare(int x, int y) { return (x < y) ? -1 : ((x == y) ? 0 : 1); } public static final int SIZE = 32; public static int highestOneBit(int i) { // HD, Figure 3-1 i |= (i >> 1); i |= (i >> 2); i |= (i >> 4); i |= (i >> 8); i |= (i >> 16); return i - (i >>> 1); }}
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